MRSA Found In Cows
A new strain of the hospital superbug MRSA has recently been found in cow's milk.
Scientists from Cambridge University have accidently discovered a new strain of MRSA which they say has already gone on to infect humans, although the exact number is uncertain.
The bacteria which cause the potentially fatal infection were identified after scientists were asked to research mastitis in cows (a condition which sees the inflammation of breast tissue).
Dr Mark Holmes, who is part of the University's research team, has said the new strain is highly resistant to antibiotics. He attributes the emergence of such bacteria to the “relentless financial pressure” placed upon dairy farmers to produce milk as cheaply as possible. This inevitably leads to the increased use of antibiotics, which in turn kills off other bacteria, allowing the resistant bacteria to flourish.
Although it is thought the number of people infected with MRSA from cow's milk is minimal (probably less than 100 cases), there are concerns farm workers could become carriers of the disease and infect vulnerable friends and family.
How Do You Contract MRSA?
Around 1 in 3 people carry the MRSA bacteria on the surface of their skin without even realising. This is known as being colonised, and in a healthy person will not lead to any other symptoms. However, should the bacteria enter the body through a break in the skin, then someone becomes infected and signs of illness will become apparent (particularly in those who are already unwell).
Who Is Most At Risk?
MRSA does not usually affect people who are in a good condition of health and who are not in hospital. Instead, it is those who have a weakened immune system that are especially as risk, as they are more susceptible to infection. Additionally, hospital patients who have an open wound (for example, from surgery or an ulcer) or a break in the skin (due to something such as a catheter) are vulnerable to infection.
MRSA and Hospitals
Although it is possible to develop the infection outside a healthcare environment, MRSA is commonly associated with hospitals. That is because hospitals provide the perfect conditions for the bacteria to prosper. Not only is there a higher proportion of people who carry a much higher risk of infection (ie. patients who are unwell and/or have an open wound), there is also a greater opportunity for the bacteria to spread (ie. from people/items that have been colonised, including staff, patients, visitors, and surfaces.)
Preventing MRSA in Hospitals
Maintaining an excellent level of hygiene is the key to preventing the spread of MRSA bacteria in hospitals. Staff, patients and visitors should all be advised on simple hygiene measures, such as thoroughly washing hands and isolating patients known to carry the infection.
Furthermore, before a patient is admitted to hospital for an operation, medical staff should screen him/her for MRSA. This involves taking a swab (from the nose or armpit) and sending them to the laboratory for testing. If you are found to be a carrier, treatment will be given to protect both you and other patients from becoming unwell.
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